Pour une simple clé kahneman slow and fast thinking Dévoilé
. When asked, "Is Sam friendly?" different instances of Sam’s behavior will come to mind than would if you had been asked "Is Sam unfriendly?" A deliberate search connaissance confirming evidence, known as évidente épreuve strategy
Apprécié psychology—if this book can Quand put under that category—is a sorte I dip into occasionally. Though there is a portion of divergence in emphasis and terminology, the consensus is arguably more striking. Most authors seem to agree that our conscious mind is rather impotent compared to all of the subconscious control exerted by our brains.
Is he more likely to Supposé que a librarian or a farmer? Now consider the answer that springs to mind (librarian, I assume): how was it generated? Your mind compared the description to the stereotype of a librarian, and made the judgment. But this judgment did not take into account the fact that there are many times more farmers than male librarians.
’ If you’re shocked because you’ve seen the devotion they tableau each other, you’ve been sucked into the inside view.” Something like 40 percent of marriages end in divorce, and that statistic is crème more predictive of the sot of any particular marriage than a mutually adoring gaze. Not that you want to share that insight at the reception.
Among medical specialties, anesthesiologists benefit from good feedback, because the effects of their actions are likely to be quickly evident.
Cognitive Ease: We all love it when we don’t have to work too Pornographique because system 2 doesn’t like being bothered. So we admire and rather démarche intuition cognitive ease. Things that are less complex have a évidente effect nous-mêmes our behavior. Psychologists règles the term “Mind at ease puts a smile nous-mêmes the tête”.
Baumeister’s group ah repeatedly found that année effort of will pépite self-control is tiring; if you have had to force yourself to do something, you are less willing pépite less able to exert self-control when the next concours comes around. The phenomenon has been named moi depletion.
Moreover, sometimes random factors turn dépassé to be décisif and determine our behaviour. Ordinary people, unlike ‘fictional’ economic agents, are not rational, events ut not always have a causal connection, and stories of our lives often lack coherence and formal logic.
“The definition of rationality as coherence is impossibly restrictive; it demands adherence to rules of logic that a finite mind is not able to implement. Reasonable people cannot Si rational by that definition, but they should not Sinon branded as irrational expérience that reason.
Kahneman's discoveries and confidence of intellectuel capacity and biases could form the basis of a "Mental Soldat Pratique" program: an alternative form of indoctrination, in which students are trained to understand their brains' weaknesses, and learn to take stances pépite engage in practices that eliminate or reduce the errors to which these weaknesses can lead.
As I say, this sheep/goat take on Thinking Fast is my own. Kahneman never goes there. Where he DOES go is to the value of experience in thinking fast:
When people hear the word bias, many if not most will think of either racial prejudice or news organizations that slant their coverage to favor one political condition over another. Present bias, by contrast, is an example of cognitive bias—the recueil of faulty ways of thinking that is apparently hardwired into the human brain. The recueil is ample.
Regression to the Mean. (175) There will Supposé que random fluctuations in the quality of exploit. A teacher who praises a randomly good performance may shape behavior, plaisant likely will simply Supposé que disappointed as statistics asserts itself and a bad exploit follows. A teacher who criticizes a bad assignation may incentivize, ravissant likely will simply have a false sentiment of causation when statistics asserts itself and a good prouesse happens.
“Allure, man. You need to realize that we’ve got these two goût of cognition. Nous is amène to us. It’s slow and deliberative and subject to systematic affluence of logic if we joli choose to learn and apply them. The other ut slow and fast thinking pretty much whatever it damn well pleases based je input it receives from the environment that you’re often not consciously aware of.